Военное обозрение By Topwar
History of the S-300 complex
By the end of the 1960s, experience in combat use of various systems Defense in Vietnam and the Middle East, in particular the S-75 complexes, showed their low survivability when working with an enemy that has a significant amount of modern aviation, high toxicity and imperfect design of liquid missiles. The use of liquid-propellant SAMs with toxic fuel and a corrosive oxidizer required highly skilled personnel and specialized equipment to fuel the missiles. It’s important to note that the first systems were single-channel, unable to effectively counter massive enemy air raids and highly vulnerable to jamming.
In this regard, in 1969, the USSR Air Defense Command set the task of developing a multi-channel air defense system capable of simultaneously firing at multiple targets regardless of the launcher’s position, as well as high mobility of the system by placing all components on a towed chassis.
As early as 1978, the S-300P anti-aircraft missile system entered service, along with the 5V55K solid-fuel radio-command SAM, which was capable of hitting targets at a distance of up to 47 km.
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